Nature of The Arab Spring Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Nature of The Arab Spring - Research Paper Example It is evident that the political system in these countries promoted dictatorial regimes, which promoted corrupt practices because of little checks and balances from the greater citizens. History records that attempts t institute democracy in these countries failed to take shape in the past, but this did not deter determined Islamic organizations such as Muslim Brotherhood from plotting attempts to replace the dictatorial regimes. The wave swept from the Tunisian coast to Bahrain and currently in Syria. While it is evident that modern system of communication played a vital role in influencing the views of the people towards making an informed opinion against these regimes, many critics believe that the uprising was a time bomb that would explode at sometime in history. Egyptian Revolt Majority of Egyptians have demonstrated through interviews that the urge to change the political regime propelled the revolt. The Egyptians Arab spring began as an activists protest against the oppressive regime of President Hosni Mubarak. Critics to the Egyptian Arab spring have mentioned that the spring was not new in Egypt; however, it involved the ordinary citizens that had never streamed into the street a decade ago (Gelvin 26). Protest against Mubarak regime addressed political interest, with the Muslim Brotherhood, an Islamic movement playing a crucial role in previous protest (Council on Foreign Relations 125). Muslim Brotherhood activists had taken a center role in influencing the Egyptians communities to reject the Mubarak regime in the past and failed. The Egyptian government had outlawed Muslim Brotherhood alongside other activist movement that intended to create political change. Not surprisingly, the precedent of the Egyptian Arab Spring borrowed a lot from the fallen T unisian Ben Ali regime, which was subject to mass protest. The Egyptian protest started on 25 January and took 18 days before the then president relinquish power (Council on Foreign Relations 125). The structure of the Egyptian Arab Spring embraced peaceful demonstration with thousands of Egyptians coming out in large numbers, boycotting their activities, praying and chanting change of regime in Tahrir Square. However, the Egyptian government tried to use military force to repress the Arab Spring, but failed. The solidarity of the Egyptian people and the peaceful nature of the protest contributed greatly to its success. It is important to acknowledge the role of media in influencing the people. Face book was critical to the success of the movement because most people responded positively to face book messages that attracted to the protest (Council on Foreign Relations 123). Previously, Egyptian media controlled the activities of the journalists as well as oppressing journalist that were against the government. Information dissemination in the society is a powerful tool that can shape a political course. It is apparent that police and other military officers battered protestor at the beginning of the protest, Mubarak officers dressed in plain cloths posed as protestors and whipped people out the Tahrir Square, but failed to secure success because of the determination of whole public. The uprising in the Arab world had youthful characters that represented western lifestyle as opposed to the Arab lifestyle. Historians argue that the youthful cohort

Retail Marketing (Britain hypermarket net Tesco) Essay

Retail Marketing (Britain hypermarket net Tesco) - Essay Example In the beginning of 1990th Tesco took up the small category of retail market for lower-income customers. More expensive line for well-off customers was concerned with J. Sainsbury and Waitrose. Comfortable location, competitive prices, polite staff, great variety of goods and products, mainly, circumspect development strategy helped Tesco to become a really national shop. It has happened neither due to only British goods are sold nor due to the state authorities discrimination of American "Wal Mart" or French "Carrefour. National brand buildup took place thanks to Tesco owners and managers, who understood British customers wishes, whims and the mechanism of decision making. It became possible after using Management Information System (MIS). Tesco set close cooperation with University College London. The scientists offered new methods of gathering, checking, collating, review, storage, access, retrieval and update of statistics information of retail sells. Fed every second by Tesco's 12 million Clubcard holders, the Crucible database could in theory generate about 12 billion pieces of data a year if each cardholder bought just 20 items a week. This information is analyzed very attentively. MIS helps managers to understand what goods are sold better together, to place them accordingly on the counters in supermarkets. Experts, who carry out such analysis for Tesco, insist that the company has one of the biggest customer databases in the world. At first, hypermarket provides constant (season, holiday, single) discounts for that goods and stuffs, which customer buys oftener then others. At the end of a quarter each Clubcard holder gets voucher, equivalent to sum total, he spent in Tesco hypermarkets. Additionally they are rewarded with coupons, which allow discounts to that goods, the customers can enjoy (according to MIS results). Surely, this generated information is based on purchase data analysis. 2. MARKETING CONCEPTS ROLE Management Information System (relevant module) defines the consumer goods basket, which can be potentially interested to a customer. During the quarter Tesco sells about 6 million letters with propositions of different discounts to loyal clients. Also Tesco MIS provides detailed sells information, which allows placing the goods on the counters according to consumers' tastes in each particular region or even in dependence of daytime. In the morning customers buy one stuffs, in the evening - another. Tesco shops in the center of London differ greatly from the little out-of-the-way ones. Other MIS module takes into account ethnic and demographic factors, fashion and even the contents of TV programs. Can you imagine customer joy and pleasure, who feels such a great attention and care from a huge hypermarket This feeling is likely to that when your relative, living far from you, one day brings you wonderful gifts, which you wished for but tell nobody about. Sir Terry Leahy, Tesco manager confirms that Tesco is a mirror, which reflects customers' tastes and wishes. Actually, hypermarket role is not so passive exactly thanks to multifunction MIS. Experts firmly consider that Tesco influence not only the manufacturing but also the "consumer-manufacturer" relationships. Retail cards system presents a unique information gathering methodology. This is